Parafoveal Processing of Word n + 2 During Reading: Do the Preceding Words Matter?

Authors: Angele, B. and Rayner, K.

Journal: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance

Volume: 37

Issue: 4

Pages: 1210-1220

ISSN: 0096-1523

DOI: 10.1037/a0023096

Abstract:

We used the boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975) to test two hypotheses that might explain why no conclusive evidence has been found for the existence of n + 2 preprocessing effects. In Experiment 1, we tested whether parafoveal processing of the second word to the right of fixation (n + 2) takes place only when the preceding word (n + 1) is very short (Angele, Slattery, Yang, Kliegl, & Rayner, 2008); word n + 1 was always a three-letter word. Before crossing the boundary, preview for both words n + 1 and n + 2 was either incorrect or correct. In a third condition, only the preview for word n + 1 was incorrect. In Experiment 2, we tested whether word frequency of the preboundary word (n) had an influence on the presence of preview benefit and parafoveal-on-foveal effects. Additionally, Experiment 2 contained a condition in which only preview of n + 2 was incorrect. Our findings suggest that effects of parafoveal n + 2 preprocessing are not modulated by either n + 1 word length or n frequency. Furthermore, we did not observe any evidence of parafoveal lexical preprocessing of word n + 2 in either experiment. © 2011 American Psychological Association.

https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39481/

Source: Scopus

Parafoveal processing of word n + 2 during reading: do the preceding words matter?

Authors: Angele, B. and Rayner, K.

Journal: J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform

Volume: 37

Issue: 4

Pages: 1210-1220

eISSN: 1939-1277

DOI: 10.1037/a0023096

Abstract:

We used the boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975) to test two hypotheses that might explain why no conclusive evidence has been found for the existence of n + 2 preprocessing effects. In Experiment 1, we tested whether parafoveal processing of the second word to the right of fixation (n + 2) takes place only when the preceding word (n + 1) is very short (Angele, Slattery, Yang, Kliegl, & Rayner, 2008); word n + 1 was always a three-letter word. Before crossing the boundary, preview for both words n + 1 and n + 2 was either incorrect or correct. In a third condition, only the preview for word n + 1 was incorrect. In Experiment 2, we tested whether word frequency of the preboundary word (n) had an influence on the presence of preview benefit and parafoveal-on-foveal effects. Additionally, Experiment 2 contained a condition in which only preview of n + 2 was incorrect. Our findings suggest that effects of parafoveal n + 2 preprocessing are not modulated by either n + 1 word length or n frequency. Furthermore, we did not observe any evidence of parafoveal lexical preprocessing of word n + 2 in either experiment.

https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39481/

Source: PubMed

Parafoveal Processing of Word <i>n</i>+2 During Reading: Do the Preceding Words Matter?

Authors: Angele, B. and Rayner, K.

Journal: JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE

Volume: 37

Issue: 4

Pages: 1210-1220

ISSN: 0096-1523

DOI: 10.1037/a0023096

https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39481/

Source: Web of Science (Lite)

Preferred by: Bernhard Angele

Parafoveal processing of word n + 2 during reading: do the preceding words matter?

Authors: Angele, B. and Rayner, K.

Journal: Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance

Volume: 37

Issue: 4

Pages: 1210-1220

eISSN: 1939-1277

ISSN: 0096-1523

DOI: 10.1037/a0023096

Abstract:

We used the boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975) to test two hypotheses that might explain why no conclusive evidence has been found for the existence of n + 2 preprocessing effects. In Experiment 1, we tested whether parafoveal processing of the second word to the right of fixation (n + 2) takes place only when the preceding word (n + 1) is very short (Angele, Slattery, Yang, Kliegl, & Rayner, 2008); word n + 1 was always a three-letter word. Before crossing the boundary, preview for both words n + 1 and n + 2 was either incorrect or correct. In a third condition, only the preview for word n + 1 was incorrect. In Experiment 2, we tested whether word frequency of the preboundary word (n) had an influence on the presence of preview benefit and parafoveal-on-foveal effects. Additionally, Experiment 2 contained a condition in which only preview of n + 2 was incorrect. Our findings suggest that effects of parafoveal n + 2 preprocessing are not modulated by either n + 1 word length or n frequency. Furthermore, we did not observe any evidence of parafoveal lexical preprocessing of word n + 2 in either experiment.

https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39481/

Source: Europe PubMed Central

Parafoveal Processing of Word n + 2 During Reading: Do the Preceding Words Matter?

Authors: Angele, B. and Rayner, K.

Journal: Journal of Experimental Psychology

Volume: 37

Issue: 4

Pages: 1210-1220

ISSN: 0096-1523

Abstract:

We used the boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975) to test two hypotheses that might explain why no conclusive evidence has been found for the existence of n + 2 preprocessing effects. In Experiment 1, we tested whether parafoveal processing of the second word to the right of fixation (n + 2) takes place only when the preceding word (n + 1) is very short (Angele, Slattery, Yang, Kliegl, & Rayner, 2008); word n + 1 was always a three-letter word. Before crossing the boundary, preview for both words n + 1 and n + 2 was either incorrect or correct. In a third condition, only the preview for word n + 1 was incorrect. In Experiment 2, we tested whether word frequency of the preboundary word (n) had an influence on the presence of preview benefit and parafoveal-on-foveal effects. Additionally, Experiment 2 contained a condition in which only preview of n + 2 was incorrect. Our findings suggest that effects of parafoveal n + 2 preprocessing are not modulated by either n + 1 word length or n frequency. Furthermore, we did not observe any evidence of parafoveal lexical preprocessing of word n + 2 in either experiment. © 2011 American Psychological Association.

https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39481/

Source: BURO EPrints