A Reference Database of Standardised Continuous Lumbar Intervertebral Motion Analysis for Conducting Patient-Specific Comparisons
Authors: Breen, A., De Carvalho, D., Funabashi, M., Kawchuk, G., Pagé, I., Wong, A.Y.L. and Breen, A.
Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Volume: 9
eISSN: 2296-4185
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.745837
Abstract:Lumbar instability has long been thought of as the failure of lumbar vertebrae to maintain their normal patterns of displacement. However, it is unknown what these patterns consist of. Research using quantitative fluoroscopy (QF) has shown that continuous lumbar intervertebral patterns of rotational displacement can be reliably measured during standing flexion and return motion using standardised protocols and can be used to assess patients with suspected lumbar spine motion disorders. However, normative values are needed to make individualised comparisons. One hundred and thirty-one healthy asymptomatic participants were recruited and performed guided flexion and return motion by following the rotating arm of an upright motion frame. Fluoroscopic image acquisition at 15fps was performed and individual intervertebral levels from L2-3 to L5-S1 were tracked and analysed during separate outward flexion and return phases. Results were presented as proportional intervertebral motion representing these phases using continuous means and 95%CIs, followed by verification of the differences between levels using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). A secondary analysis of 8 control participants matched to 8 patients with chronic, non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) was performed for comparison. One hundred and twenty-seven asymptomatic participants’ data were analysed. Their ages ranged from 18 to 70 years (mean 38.6) with mean body mass index 23.8 kg/m2 48.8% were female. Both the flexion and return phases for each level evidenced continuous change in mean proportional motion share, with narrow confidence intervals, highly significant differences and discrete motion paths between levels as confirmed by SPM. Patients in the secondary analysis evidenced significantly less L5-S1 motion than controls (p < 0.05). A reference database of spinal displacement patterns during lumbar (L2-S1) intersegmental flexion and return motion using a standardised motion protocol using fluoroscopy is presented. Spinal displacement patterns in asymptomatic individuals were found to be distinctive and consistent for each intervertebral level, and to continuously change during bending and return. This database may be used to allow continuous intervertebral kinematics to drive dynamic models of joint and muscular forces as well as reference values against which to make patient-specific comparisons in suspected cases of lumbar spine motion disorders.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/36062/
Source: Scopus
A Reference Database of Standardised Continuous Lumbar Intervertebral Motion Analysis for Conducting Patient-Specific Comparisons.
Authors: Breen, A., De Carvalho, D., Funabashi, M., Kawchuk, G., Pagé, I. and Wong, A.Y.L.
Journal: Front Bioeng Biotechnol
Volume: 9
Pages: 745837
ISSN: 2296-4185
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.745837
Abstract:Lumbar instability has long been thought of as the failure of lumbar vertebrae to maintain their normal patterns of displacement. However, it is unknown what these patterns consist of. Research using quantitative fluoroscopy (QF) has shown that continuous lumbar intervertebral patterns of rotational displacement can be reliably measured during standing flexion and return motion using standardised protocols and can be used to assess patients with suspected lumbar spine motion disorders. However, normative values are needed to make individualised comparisons. One hundred and thirty-one healthy asymptomatic participants were recruited and performed guided flexion and return motion by following the rotating arm of an upright motion frame. Fluoroscopic image acquisition at 15fps was performed and individual intervertebral levels from L2-3 to L5-S1 were tracked and analysed during separate outward flexion and return phases. Results were presented as proportional intervertebral motion representing these phases using continuous means and 95%CIs, followed by verification of the differences between levels using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). A secondary analysis of 8 control participants matched to 8 patients with chronic, non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) was performed for comparison. One hundred and twenty-seven asymptomatic participants' data were analysed. Their ages ranged from 18 to 70 years (mean 38.6) with mean body mass index 23.8 kg/m2 48.8% were female. Both the flexion and return phases for each level evidenced continuous change in mean proportional motion share, with narrow confidence intervals, highly significant differences and discrete motion paths between levels as confirmed by SPM. Patients in the secondary analysis evidenced significantly less L5-S1 motion than controls (p < 0.05). A reference database of spinal displacement patterns during lumbar (L2-S1) intersegmental flexion and return motion using a standardised motion protocol using fluoroscopy is presented. Spinal displacement patterns in asymptomatic individuals were found to be distinctive and consistent for each intervertebral level, and to continuously change during bending and return. This database may be used to allow continuous intervertebral kinematics to drive dynamic models of joint and muscular forces as well as reference values against which to make patient-specific comparisons in suspected cases of lumbar spine motion disorders.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/36062/
Source: PubMed
A Reference Database of Standardised Continuous Lumbar Intervertebral Motion Analysis for Conducting Patient-Specific Comparisons
Authors: Breen, A., De Carvalho, D., Funabashi, M., Kawchuk, G., Page, I. and Wong, A.Y.L.
Journal: FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume: 9
ISSN: 2296-4185
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.745837
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/36062/
Source: Web of Science (Lite)
A reference database of standardised continuous lumbar intervertebral motion analysis for conducting patient-specific comparisons
Authors: Breen, A. and Breen, A.
Conference: Using Motion Analysis Techniques and Musculoskeletal Modeling of the Spine to Better Understand Spinal Disorders and Evaluate Treatment Effects
Dates: 12 May 2021
Abstract:Introduction To understand spinal disorders in terms of their biomechanical effects on symptoms and evaluate treatment effects, biomechanical variables must be repeatable over an acceptable follow-up period in a symptomatically stable population. In previous work using quantitative fluoroscopy (QF), where both the motion task (lumbar flexion) and the analysis were highly standardised, some intervertebral motion sharing characteristics in the lumbar spine were found to be significantly different in NSLBP patients and asymptomatic controls (1). Control measurements were also stable over 6 weeks, making measures suitable for use in outcome and prognostic studies (2). Previous studies have found it advantageous to study the outward and return paths of lumbar flexion separately in order to appreciate the differences in dynamic loading models during bending and lifting tasks (3). Against such normative data, individual patient studies using the same protocols can be compared. The aim of this study was to establish a database of reference values for key dynamic lumbar motion variables during controlled outward and return bending using standardised QF recording and analysis protocols. These could serve as reference information for both the construction of mathematical models and for comparison with patient-specific kinematics. Methods Low dose continuous fluoroscopic image sequences, recorded at 15 fps, were acquired from 131 asymptomatic participants during active, weight-bearing lumbar flexion and return motion. This used a bending protocol guided by an upright motion frame (Fig 1). This standardised the bending range and velocity and minimized accessory movements. Continuous intervertebral rotations in the sagittal plane were extracted for each level (L2-S1) in each frame and transformed into contributions proportional to the total L2-S1 angle. Mean and ± 95% confidence intervals across all participants were calculated for each 1% increment of L2–S1 motion. Data were separated to distinguish the flexion and return-to-neutral portions of the bending task. Statistically significant differences between each level’s contribution to motion were detected by the absence of overlap in the ±CI95 bands and checked using statistical parametric mapping.
Results Full data sets were extracted from 127 participants, (48.8% female, mean age 38.6 years, range: 21-70). The proportion of the motion performed by each level at full flexion was similar to previous studies (4). However, there were significant differences in the contributions to bending during motion, both between and within levels, which change as participants progress through the tasks (Figures 2a and b). Across the study population, each intervertebral level also had its own characteristic motion signature, with significant differences (p<0.05) between each level’s contribution. These were sustained throughout the motion.
In the individual back pain patient example (Fig 2c), L2-3 initially accepted a higher proportion of the outward motion than that of the controls (Fig 2a), and considerably less at L4-5, although both showed return to near-normal sharing levels by completion of the bend. On the return motion (Fig 2d), it is L4-5 that initially accepts a higher proportion in this patient, and L3-4 considerably less, although by the time the upright position has been reached and all but L4-5’s share of the motion resemble the normative values (Fig 2b).
Figure 1. Upright motion controller
Figure 2. Proportional contributions to motion from L2-S1 with 95% CIs in 127 healthy controls in a) flexion, b) return and comparison with a patient with chronic, non-specific low back pain c) and d).
Controls (n=127) Outward Return Figure 2a Figure 2b Patient (n=1)
Figure 2c Figure 2d Discussion In the controls (Fig 2a and b), despite differences in gender, BMI, age, anatomy, co-ordination and strength, all levels exhibited consistent motion contributions. This was attributed to the use of the guided motion apparatus (Fig 1) making the database also suitable for comparison with both cross-sectional and longitudinal data from individuals and with groups of patients with low back pain in research and clinical studies. The patient (Fig 2c), exhibits much more initial flexion at L3-4 than the controls during forward bending, while L4-5’s motion is initially paradoxical. On return, L4-5 initially accepts much more of the motion and L2-3 much less (Fig 2d). These differences are likely to be related to a combination of loading, motor control and tissue material characteristics. They may also be suitable for modelling dynamic segmental loading in clinical and occupational settings. References 1. Breen A, et al. Eur Spine J. 27:145-153, 2017 2. Breen A, et al. Eur Spine J. 28:450–460 2019.
3. Aiyangar A, et al. J Biomech. 48:3709-3715, 2015.
4. Widmer, J., et al. A of Biomed. Eng., 47:1491-1522, 2019.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/36062/
Source: Manual
A Reference Database of Standardised Continuous Lumbar Intervertebral Motion Analysis for Conducting Patient-Specific Comparisons.
Authors: Breen, A., De Carvalho, D., Funabashi, M., Kawchuk, G., Pagé, I. and Wong, A.Y.L.
Journal: Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
Volume: 9
Pages: 745837
eISSN: 2296-4185
ISSN: 2296-4185
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.745837
Abstract:Lumbar instability has long been thought of as the failure of lumbar vertebrae to maintain their normal patterns of displacement. However, it is unknown what these patterns consist of. Research using quantitative fluoroscopy (QF) has shown that continuous lumbar intervertebral patterns of rotational displacement can be reliably measured during standing flexion and return motion using standardised protocols and can be used to assess patients with suspected lumbar spine motion disorders. However, normative values are needed to make individualised comparisons. One hundred and thirty-one healthy asymptomatic participants were recruited and performed guided flexion and return motion by following the rotating arm of an upright motion frame. Fluoroscopic image acquisition at 15fps was performed and individual intervertebral levels from L2-3 to L5-S1 were tracked and analysed during separate outward flexion and return phases. Results were presented as proportional intervertebral motion representing these phases using continuous means and 95%CIs, followed by verification of the differences between levels using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). A secondary analysis of 8 control participants matched to 8 patients with chronic, non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) was performed for comparison. One hundred and twenty-seven asymptomatic participants' data were analysed. Their ages ranged from 18 to 70 years (mean 38.6) with mean body mass index 23.8 kg/m2 48.8% were female. Both the flexion and return phases for each level evidenced continuous change in mean proportional motion share, with narrow confidence intervals, highly significant differences and discrete motion paths between levels as confirmed by SPM. Patients in the secondary analysis evidenced significantly less L5-S1 motion than controls (p < 0.05). A reference database of spinal displacement patterns during lumbar (L2-S1) intersegmental flexion and return motion using a standardised motion protocol using fluoroscopy is presented. Spinal displacement patterns in asymptomatic individuals were found to be distinctive and consistent for each intervertebral level, and to continuously change during bending and return. This database may be used to allow continuous intervertebral kinematics to drive dynamic models of joint and muscular forces as well as reference values against which to make patient-specific comparisons in suspected cases of lumbar spine motion disorders.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/36062/
Source: Europe PubMed Central
A Reference Database of Standardised Continuous Lumbar Intervertebral Motion Analysis for Conducting Patient-Specific Comparisons
Authors: Breen, A., De Carvalho, D., Funabashi, M., Kawchuk, G., Pagé, I. and Wong, A.Y.L.
Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Volume: 9
ISSN: 2296-4185
Abstract:Lumbar instability has long been thought of as the failure of lumbar vertebrae to maintain their normal patterns of displacement. However, it is unknown what these patterns consist of. Research using quantitative fluoroscopy (QF) has shown that continuous lumbar intervertebral patterns of rotational displacement can be reliably measured during standing flexion and return motion using standardised protocols and can be used to assess patients with suspected lumbar spine motion disorders. However, normative values are needed to make individualised comparisons. One hundred and thirty-one healthy asymptomatic participants were recruited and performed guided flexion and return motion by following the rotating arm of an upright motion frame. Fluoroscopic image acquisition at 15fps was performed and individual intervertebral levels from L2-3 to L5-S1 were tracked and analysed during separate outward flexion and return phases. Results were presented as proportional intervertebral motion representing these phases using continuous means and 95%CIs, followed by verification of the differences between levels using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). A secondary analysis of 8 control participants matched to 8 patients with chronic, non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) was performed for comparison. One hundred and twenty-seven asymptomatic participants’ data were analysed. Their ages ranged from 18 to 70 years (mean 38.6) with mean body mass index 23.8 kg/m2 48.8% were female. Both the flexion and return phases for each level evidenced continuous change in mean proportional motion share, with narrow confidence intervals, highly significant differences and discrete motion paths between levels as confirmed by SPM. Patients in the secondary analysis evidenced significantly less L5-S1 motion than controls (p < 0.05). A reference database of spinal displacement patterns during lumbar (L2-S1) intersegmental flexion and return motion using a standardised motion protocol using fluoroscopy is presented. Spinal displacement patterns in asymptomatic individuals were found to be distinctive and consistent for Edited by: Babak Bazrgari, University of Kentucky, United States Reviewed by: Navid Arjmand, Sharif University of Technology, Iran Ameet Krishnan Aiyangar, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland *Correspondence: Alan Breen breenalan@gmail.com Specialty section: This article was submitted to Biomechanics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology Received: 22 July 2021 Accepted: 08 September 2021 Published: 27 September 2021 Citation: Breen A, De Carvalho D, Funabashi M, Kawchuk G, Pagé I, Wong AYL and Breen A (2021) A Reference Database of Standardised Continuous Lumbar Intervertebral Motion Analysis for Conducting Patient- Specific Comparisons. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 9:745837. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.745837 Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology www.frontiersin.org 1 September 2021 Volume 9 Article 745837 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 27 September 2021 doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.745837 each intervertebral level, and to continuously change during bending and return. This database may be used to allow continuous intervertebral kinematics to drive dynamic models of joint and muscular forces as well as reference values against which to make patient-specific comparisons in suspected cases of lumbar spine motion disorders.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/36062/
Source: BURO EPrints