The contrasting physiological and subjective effects of chewing gum on social stress.
Authors: Gray, G., Miles, C., Wilson, N., Jenks, R., Cox, M. and Johnson, A.J.
Journal: Appetite
Volume: 58
Issue: 2
Pages: 554-558
eISSN: 1095-8304
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.013
Abstract:Uncertainty exists with respect to the extent to which chewing gum may attenuate stress-induced rises in cortisol secretion (Johnson, Jenks, Miles, Albert, & Cox, 2011; Scholey et al., 2009; Smith, 2010). The present study used the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST: Kirschbaum, Pirke, & Hellhammer, 1993), a task known to elevate cortisol secretion (Kudielka, Schommer, Hellhammer, & Kirschbaum, 2004), in order to examine the moderating physiological and subjective effects of chewing gum on social stress. Forty participants completed the TSST either with or without chewing gum. As expected, completion of the TSST elevated both cortisol and subjective stress levels, whilst impairing mood. Although gum moderated the perception of stress, cortisol concentrations were higher following the chewing of gum. The findings are consistent with Smith (2010) who argued that elevations in cortisol following the chewing of gum reflect heightened arousal. The findings suggest that chewing gum only benefits subjective measures of stress. The mechanism remains unclear; however, this may reflect increased cerebral blood flow, cognitive distraction, and/or effects secondary to task facilitation.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/19872/
Source: PubMed
The contrasting physiological and subjective effects of chewing gum on social stress
Authors: Gray, G., Miles, C., Wilson, N., Jenks, R., Cox, M. and Johnson, A.J.
Journal: Appetite
Volume: 58
Pages: 554-558
ISSN: 0195-6663
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.013
Abstract:Uncertainty exists with respect to the extent to which chewing gum may attenuate stress-induced rises in cortisol secretion (Scholey et al., 2009; Smith, 2010; Johnson et al., 2011). The present study used the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST: Kirschbaum et al., 1993), a task known to elevate cortisol secretion (Kudielka et al., 2004), in order to examine the moderating physiological and subjective effects of chewing gum on social stress. Forty participants completed the TSST either with or without chewing gum. As expected, completion of the TSST elevated both cortisol and subjective stress levels, whilst impairing mood. Although gum moderated the perception of stress, cortisol concentrations were higher following the chewing of gum. The findings are consistent with Smith (2010) who argued that elevations in cortisol following the chewing of gum reflect heightened arousal. The findings suggest that chewing gum only benefits subjective measures of stress. The mechanism remains unclear; however, this may reflect increased cerebral blood flow, cognitive distraction, and/or effects secondary to task facilitation.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/19872/
Source: Manual
The contrasting physiological and subjective effects of chewing gum on social stress.
Authors: Gray, G., Miles, C., Wilson, N., Jenks, R., Cox, M. and Johnson, A.J.
Journal: Appetite
Volume: 58
Issue: 2
Pages: 554-558
eISSN: 1095-8304
ISSN: 0195-6663
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.013
Abstract:Uncertainty exists with respect to the extent to which chewing gum may attenuate stress-induced rises in cortisol secretion (Johnson, Jenks, Miles, Albert, & Cox, 2011; Scholey et al., 2009; Smith, 2010). The present study used the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST: Kirschbaum, Pirke, & Hellhammer, 1993), a task known to elevate cortisol secretion (Kudielka, Schommer, Hellhammer, & Kirschbaum, 2004), in order to examine the moderating physiological and subjective effects of chewing gum on social stress. Forty participants completed the TSST either with or without chewing gum. As expected, completion of the TSST elevated both cortisol and subjective stress levels, whilst impairing mood. Although gum moderated the perception of stress, cortisol concentrations were higher following the chewing of gum. The findings are consistent with Smith (2010) who argued that elevations in cortisol following the chewing of gum reflect heightened arousal. The findings suggest that chewing gum only benefits subjective measures of stress. The mechanism remains unclear; however, this may reflect increased cerebral blood flow, cognitive distraction, and/or effects secondary to task facilitation.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/19872/
Source: Europe PubMed Central
The contrasting physiological and subjective effects of chewing gum on social stress
Authors: Gray, G., Miles, C., Wilson, N., Jenks, R., Cox, M. and Johnson, A.J.
Journal: Appetite
Volume: 58
Pages: 554-558
ISSN: 0195-6663
Abstract:Uncertainty exists with respect to the extent to which chewing gum may attenuate stress-induced rises in cortisol secretion (Scholey et al., 2009; Smith, 2010; Johnson et al., 2011). The present study used the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST: Kirschbaum et al., 1993), a task known to elevate cortisol secretion (Kudielka et al., 2004), in order to examine the moderating physiological and subjective effects of chewing gum on social stress. Forty participants completed the TSST either with or without chewing gum. As expected, completion of the TSST elevated both cortisol and subjective stress levels, whilst impairing mood. Although gum moderated the perception of stress, cortisol concentrations were higher following the chewing of gum. The findings are consistent with Smith (2010) who argued that elevations in cortisol following the chewing of gum reflect heightened arousal. The findings suggest that chewing gum only benefits subjective measures of stress. The mechanism remains unclear; however, this may reflect increased cerebral blood flow, cognitive distraction, and/or effects secondary to task facilitation.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/19872/
Source: BURO EPrints