Titanium dioxide nanoparticle genotoxicity: A review of recent in vivo and in vitro studies

Authors: Wani, M.R. and Shadab, G.G.H.A.

Journal: Toxicology and Industrial Health

Volume: 36

Issue: 7

Pages: 514-530

eISSN: 1477-0393

ISSN: 0748-2337

DOI: 10.1177/0748233720936835

Abstract:

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs, size <100 nm) find applications in a wide range of products including food and cosmetics. Studies have found that exposure to TiO2 NPs can cause inflammation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and cell apoptosis. In this article, we have reviewed the recent literature on the potential of TiO2 NPs to cause genotoxicity and summarized the results of two standard genotoxicity assays, the comet and micronucleus (MN) assays. Analysis of these peer-reviewed publications shows that the comet assay is the most common genotoxicity test, followed by MN, Ames, and chromosome aberration tests. These assays have reported positive as well as negative results, although there is inconsistency in some results that need to be confirmed further by well-designed experiments. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of TiO2 NP genotoxicity and point out areas that warrant further research.

Source: Scopus

Titanium dioxide nanoparticle genotoxicity: A review of recent in vivo and in vitro studies.

Authors: Wani, M.R. and Shadab, G.

Journal: Toxicol Ind Health

Volume: 36

Issue: 7

Pages: 514-530

eISSN: 1477-0393

DOI: 10.1177/0748233720936835

Abstract:

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs, size <100 nm) find applications in a wide range of products including food and cosmetics. Studies have found that exposure to TiO2 NPs can cause inflammation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and cell apoptosis. In this article, we have reviewed the recent literature on the potential of TiO2 NPs to cause genotoxicity and summarized the results of two standard genotoxicity assays, the comet and micronucleus (MN) assays. Analysis of these peer-reviewed publications shows that the comet assay is the most common genotoxicity test, followed by MN, Ames, and chromosome aberration tests. These assays have reported positive as well as negative results, although there is inconsistency in some results that need to be confirmed further by well-designed experiments. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of TiO2 NP genotoxicity and point out areas that warrant further research.

Source: PubMed

Titanium dioxide nanoparticle genotoxicity: A review of recent <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> studies.

Authors: Wani, M.R. and Shadab, G.

Journal: Toxicology and industrial health

Volume: 36

Issue: 7

Pages: 514-530

eISSN: 1477-0393

ISSN: 0748-2337

DOI: 10.1177/0748233720936835

Abstract:

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs, size <100 nm) find applications in a wide range of products including food and cosmetics. Studies have found that exposure to TiO2 NPs can cause inflammation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and cell apoptosis. In this article, we have reviewed the recent literature on the potential of TiO2 NPs to cause genotoxicity and summarized the results of two standard genotoxicity assays, the comet and micronucleus (MN) assays. Analysis of these peer-reviewed publications shows that the comet assay is the most common genotoxicity test, followed by MN, Ames, and chromosome aberration tests. These assays have reported positive as well as negative results, although there is inconsistency in some results that need to be confirmed further by well-designed experiments. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of TiO2 NP genotoxicity and point out areas that warrant further research.

Source: Europe PubMed Central