The activity in the three regions of the trapezius under controlled loading conditions - An experimental and modelling study
Authors: Johnson, G.R. and Pandyan, A.D.
Journal: Clinical Biomechanics
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Pages: 155-161
ISSN: 0268-0033
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.10.005
Abstract:Background. There is a degree of conflict in the literature regarding the biomechanical role of the three regions of trapezius. It is suggested that some of this may result from a lack of experiments using a well defined loading regime. Objectives. To study the activity of the three regions of trapezius under controlled load in order to gain further insight into its role in shoulder biomechanics. Design. The emg activity of the three regions of trapezius was studied on five subjects using a specially designed test system which allowed the application of either a uniaxial shrug force or a pure couple in the coronal plane. Methods. Test rigs were designed and constructed to measure isometric loads applied by shoulder shrugging and isometric pure moments produced in coronal plane abduction and adduction. Surface emg of the three regions of trapezius was performed simultaneously with loading. Results. The activity of upper trapezius was always present but changed little with the type of loading. Middle trapezius was dominant during both shrug and abduction whereas the lower fibres predominated during adduction. Conclusions. The use of a test system applying defined loading at the shoulder allows the detail analysis of trapezius muscle activity. The reproducible technique can be extended to other shoulder muscles. The biomechanics of the shoulder calls for detailed analysis of the activity of all the interacting muscles. This paper describes a technique which allows study of muscle activity under carefully defined loading. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Source: Scopus
The activity in the three regions of the trapezius under controlled loading conditions--an experimental and modelling study.
Authors: Johnson, G.R. and Pandyan, A.D.
Journal: Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Pages: 155-161
ISSN: 0268-0033
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.10.005
Abstract:BACKGROUND: There is a degree of conflict in the literature regarding the biomechanical role of the three regions of trapezius. It is suggested that some of this may result from a lack of experiments using a well defined loading regime. OBJECTIVES: To study the activity of the three regions of trapezius under controlled load in order to gain further insight into its role in shoulder biomechanics. DESIGN: The emg activity of the three regions of trapezius was studied on five subjects using a specially designed test system which allowed the application of either a uniaxial shrug force or a pure couple in the coronal plane. METHODS: Test rigs were designed and constructed to measure isometric loads applied by shoulder shrugging and isometric pure moments produced in coronal plane abduction and adduction. Surface emg of the three regions of trapezius was performed simultaneously with loading. RESULTS: The activity of upper trapezius was always present but changed little with the type of loading. Middle trapezius was dominant during both shrug and abduction whereas the lower fibres predominated during adduction. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a test system applying defined loading at the shoulder allows the detail analysis of trapezius muscle activity. The reproducible technique can be extended to other shoulder muscles. RELEVANCE: The biomechanics of the shoulder calls for detailed analysis of the activity of all the interacting muscles. This paper describes a techniques which allows study of muscle activity under carefully defined loading.
Source: PubMed
The activity in the three regions of the trapezius under controlled loading conditions - an experimental and modelling study
Authors: Johnson, G.R. and Pandyan, A.D.
Journal: CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Pages: 155-161
ISSN: 0268-0033
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.10.005
Source: Web of Science (Lite)
The activity in the three regions of the trapezius under controlled loading conditions--an experimental and modelling study.
Authors: Johnson, G.R. and Pandyan, A.D.
Journal: Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Pages: 155-161
eISSN: 1879-1271
ISSN: 0268-0033
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.10.005
Abstract:Background
There is a degree of conflict in the literature regarding the biomechanical role of the three regions of trapezius. It is suggested that some of this may result from a lack of experiments using a well defined loading regime.Objectives
To study the activity of the three regions of trapezius under controlled load in order to gain further insight into its role in shoulder biomechanics.Design
The emg activity of the three regions of trapezius was studied on five subjects using a specially designed test system which allowed the application of either a uniaxial shrug force or a pure couple in the coronal plane.Methods
Test rigs were designed and constructed to measure isometric loads applied by shoulder shrugging and isometric pure moments produced in coronal plane abduction and adduction. Surface emg of the three regions of trapezius was performed simultaneously with loading.Results
The activity of upper trapezius was always present but changed little with the type of loading. Middle trapezius was dominant during both shrug and abduction whereas the lower fibres predominated during adduction.Conclusions
The use of a test system applying defined loading at the shoulder allows the detail analysis of trapezius muscle activity. The reproducible technique can be extended to other shoulder muscles.Relevance
The biomechanics of the shoulder calls for detailed analysis of the activity of all the interacting muscles. This paper describes a techniques which allows study of muscle activity under carefully defined loading.Source: Europe PubMed Central