Plant-Based Meat Analogs and Their Effects on Cardiometabolic Health: An 8-Week Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Plant-Based Meat Analogs With Their Corresponding Animal-Based Foods.
Authors: Toh, D.W.K., Fu, A.S., Mehta, K.A., Lam, N.Y.L., Haldar, S. and Henry, C.J.
Journal: Am J Clin Nutr
eISSN: 1938-3207
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.04.006
Abstract:BACKGROUND: With the growing popularity of plant-based meat analogs (PBMAs), an investigation of their effects on health is warranted in an Asian population. OBJECTIVES: This research investigated the impact of consuming an omnivorous animal-based meat diet (ABMD) compared with a PBMAs diet (PBMD) on cardiometabolic health among adults with elevated risk of diabetes in Singapore. METHODS: In an 8-wk parallel design randomized controlled trial, participants (n = 89) were instructed to substitute habitual protein-rich foods with fixed quantities of either PBMAs (n = 44) or their corresponding animal-based meats (n = 45; 2.5 servings/d), maintaining intake of other dietary components. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol served as primary outcome, whereas secondary outcomes included other cardiometabolic disease-related risk factors (e.g. glucose and fructosamine), dietary data, and within a subpopulation, ambulatory blood pressure measurements (n = 40) at baseline and postintervention, as well as a 14-d continuous glucose monitor (glucose homeostasis-related outcomes; n = 37). RESULTS: Data from 82 participants (ABMD: 42 and PBMD: 40) were examined. Using linear mixed-effects model, there were significant interaction (time × treatment) effects for dietary trans-fat (increased in ABMD), dietary fiber, sodium, and potassium (all increased in PBMD; P-interaction <0.001). There were no significant effects on the lipid-lipoprotein profile, including LDL cholesterol. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was lower in the PBMD group (P-interaction=0.041), although the nocturnal DBP dip markedly increased in ABMD (+3.2% mean) and was reduced in PBMD (-2.6%; P-interaction=0.017). Fructosamine (P time=0.035) and homeostatic model assessment for β-cell function were improved at week 8 (P time=0.006) in both groups. Glycemic homeostasis was better regulated in the ABMD than PBMD groups as evidenced by interstitial glucose time in range (ABMD median: 94.1% (Q1:87.2%, Q3:96.7%); PBMD: 86.5% (81.7%, 89.4%); P = 0.041). The intervention had no significant effect on the other outcomes examined. CONCLUSIONS: An 8-wk PBMA diet did not show widespread cardiometabolic health benefits compared with a corresponding meat based diet. Nutritional quality is a key factor to be considered for next generation PBMAs. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/as NCT05446753.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39709/
Source: PubMed
Plant-Based Meat Analogs and Their Effects on Cardiometabolic Health: An 8-Week Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Plant-Based Meat Analogs With Their Corresponding Animal-Based Foods.
Authors: Toh, D.W.K., Fu, A.S., Mehta, K.A., Lam, N.Y.L., Haldar, S. and Henry, C.J.
Journal: The American journal of clinical nutrition
Pages: S0002-9165(24)00396-4
eISSN: 1938-3207
ISSN: 0002-9165
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.04.006
Abstract:Background
With the growing popularity of plant-based meat analogs (PBMAs), an investigation of their effects on health is warranted in an Asian population.Objectives
This research investigated the impact of consuming an omnivorous animal-based meat diet (ABMD) compared with a PBMAs diet (PBMD) on cardiometabolic health among adults with elevated risk of diabetes in Singapore.Methods
In an 8-wk parallel design randomized controlled trial, participants (n = 89) were instructed to substitute habitual protein-rich foods with fixed quantities of either PBMAs (n = 44) or their corresponding animal-based meats (n = 45; 2.5 servings/d), maintaining intake of other dietary components. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol served as primary outcome, whereas secondary outcomes included other cardiometabolic disease-related risk factors (e.g. glucose and fructosamine), dietary data, and within a subpopulation, ambulatory blood pressure measurements (n = 40) at baseline and postintervention, as well as a 14-d continuous glucose monitor (glucose homeostasis-related outcomes; n = 37).Results
Data from 82 participants (ABMD: 42 and PBMD: 40) were examined. Using linear mixed-effects model, there were significant interaction (time × treatment) effects for dietary trans-fat (increased in ABMD), dietary fiber, sodium, and potassium (all increased in PBMD; P-interaction <0.001). There were no significant effects on the lipid-lipoprotein profile, including LDL cholesterol. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was lower in the PBMD group (P-interaction=0.041), although the nocturnal DBP dip markedly increased in ABMD (+3.2% mean) and was reduced in PBMD (-2.6%; P-interaction=0.017). Fructosamine (P time=0.035) and homeostatic model assessment for β-cell function were improved at week 8 (P time=0.006) in both groups. Glycemic homeostasis was better regulated in the ABMD than PBMD groups as evidenced by interstitial glucose time in range (ABMD median: 94.1% (Q1:87.2%, Q3:96.7%); PBMD: 86.5% (81.7%, 89.4%); P = 0.041). The intervention had no significant effect on the other outcomes examined.Conclusions
An 8-wk PBMA diet did not show widespread cardiometabolic health benefits compared with a corresponding meat based diet. Nutritional quality is a key factor to be considered for next generation PBMAs. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/as NCT05446753.https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39709/
Source: Europe PubMed Central
Plant-based meat analogues (PBMAs) and their effects on cardiometabolic health: An 8-week randomized controlled trial comparing PBMAs with their corresponding animal-based foods.
Authors: Kiat Toh, D.W., Fu, A.S., Mehta, K.A., Lin Lam, N.Y., Haldar, S. and Henry, C.J.
Journal: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
ISSN: 0002-9165
Abstract:BACKGROUND: With the growing popularity of plant-based meat analogues (PBMAs), an examination of their effects on health is warranted in an Asian population. OBJECTIVE: This research investigated the impact of consuming an omnivorous animal-based meat diet (ABMD) compared to a PBMAs diet (PBMD) on cardiometabolic health among adults with elevated risk of diabetes in Singapore. METHODS: In an 8-week parallel design randomized controlled trial, participants (n=89) were instructed to substitute habitual protein-rich foods with fixed quantities of either PBMAs (n=44) or their corresponding animal-based meats (n=45; 2.5 servings daily) maintaining intake of other dietary components. LDL-cholesterol served as primary outcome, while secondary outcomes included other cardiometabolic disease-related risk factors (e.g. glucose, fructosamine), dietary data, and within a sub-population, ambulatory blood pressure measurements (n=40) at baseline and post-intervention, as well as a 14-day continuous glucose monitor (glucose homeostasis-related outcomes; n=37). RESULTS: Data from 82 participants (ABMD:42, PBMD:40) were examined. Using linear mixed-effects model, there were significant interaction (time × treatment) effects for dietary trans-fat (increased in ABMD), dietary fiber, sodium and potassium (all increased in PBMD; PInteraction<0.001). There were no significant effects on the lipoprotein profile, including LDL-cholesterol. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was lower in the PBMD group (PInteraction=0.041) although the nocturnal DBP markedly increased in ABMD (+3.2% mean) and was reduced in PBMD (-2.6%; PInteraction=0.017). Fructosamine (PTime=0.035) and homeostatic model assessment for β-cell function were improved at week 8 (PTime=0.006) in both groups. Glycemic homeostasis was better regulated in the ABMD than PBMD groups as evidenced by interstitial glucose time in range (ABMD median: 94.1% (Q1:87.2%, Q3:96.7%); PBMD: 86.5% (81.7%, 89.4%); P=0.041). The intervention had no significant effect on the other outcomes examined. CONCLUSIONS: A plant-based meat analogues diet did not show widespread cardiometabolic health benefits compared with omnivorous diets over 8 weeks. The composition of PBMAs may need to be considered in future trials. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05446753.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39709/
Source: BURO EPrints