BaTiO3/Si-hybrid slot-waveguide electro-optic modulator

Authors: Mercier, T.M., Tomita, I. and Charlton, M.D.B.

Journal: Optical Review

Volume: 32

Issue: 1

Pages: 152-160

eISSN: 1349-9432

ISSN: 1340-6000

DOI: 10.1007/s10043-025-00950-7

Abstract:

Electro-optic (EO) modulators are crucial components to generate high-speed photonic signals in the modern photonic communication system. Here we study the performance of a hybrid EO modulator employing a Si slot waveguide and a BaTiO3 layer, where the EO effect of BaTiO3 is stronger than that of widely used LiNbO3. We demonstrate that an appropriate design for the slot waveguide, the BaTiO3 layer, and doped Si connectors to metal contacts can achieve a low voltage-length product VπL of 0.16 V cm, a wide modulation bandwidth of 50 GHz, and a small propagation loss of <1 dB/cm simultaneously. These values indicate efficient use of the proposed modulator in the photonic communication system.

Source: Scopus

BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/Si-hybrid slot-waveguide electro-optic modulator