Changes in cancer incidence and mortality in England and Wales and a comparison of cancer deaths in the major developed countries by age and sex 1979-2002 in context of GDP expenditure on health.
Authors: Pritchard, C. and Hickish, T.
Journal: Ecancermedicalscience
Volume: 2
Pages: 80
ISSN: 1754-6605
DOI: 10.3332/eCMS.2008.80
Abstract:BACKGROUND: The successful treatment of cancer is a major health and political issue for England and Wales and the major developed countries (MDCs). All malignancy deaths by age and sex are analysed to determine how successful the MDCs were in reducing cancer mortality between the end points of 1979-81 and 2000-2, and whether there was any association between each nations 'gross domestic product expenditure on health' (GDPEH) and the reduction in their cancer deaths. METHOD: Incidence of cancer in England and Wales was examined for 1979-80 to 2003-4 to highlight the extent of the problem. The cancer mortality rates for England and Wales were compared with each MDC by age and sex, using 'WHO all malignancies mortality rates' for the periods of 1979-81 and 2000-2, and tests of significance were made. The GDPEH for each MDC was examined for 1980-2002, and Spearman rank-order correlations calculated to explore any association between declining cancer deaths and the GDPEH of each MDC. RESULTS: Men's All Age malignancy incidence in England and Wales rose 48% and women's 51%, with notable rises for females aged 15-34 and 55-74 years.Every MDC increased its GDPEH substantially; it rose to 9.3% in the United Kingdom, but the United Kingdom still remains eighth of the ten MDCs and below the MDC average (9.85%).The average number of cancer related deaths for men in England and Wales (15-74 years) was third highest in 1979-81, but fell to eighth by 2000-2. This decline was significantly greater than in seven other MDCs. Average female death rates in England and Wales were highest both in 1979-81 and in 2000-2, but declined significantly more than most MDCs in every age band from 35 to 74 years.There was a significant correlation between reduced deaths and the level of GDPEH of each nation.Male death rates declined significantly more than that of female in each MDC, with the exception of Japan and Spain. CONCLUSIONS: The rising incidence in cancer-related deaths poses a problem for every MDC, and the poorer women's results should be a matter of concern for most MDCs. The reduction in cancer deaths reflects well on frontline services, and the significant association between reduced cancer mortality and increased GDPEH is encouraging, but still a challenge for governments, especially if the incidence continues to rise.
Source: PubMed
Changes in Cancer Incidence and Mortality in England & Wales and a comparison of cancer deaths in the Major Developed Countries by Age and Sex 1979-2002 in context of GDP Expenditure on Health
Authors: Pritchard, C. and Hickish, T.F.
Journal: ecancermedicalscience
Volume: 2
Pages: 1-18
ISSN: 1754-6605
DOI: 10.3332/eCMS.2008.80
Abstract:Background The successful treatment of cancer is a major health and political issue in England & Wales and also in the Major Developed Countries (MDC). All Malignancy deaths by age and gender are analysed to determine how successful the MDC were in reducing cancer deaths between 1979-2002 within the context of the each nations Gross-Domestic-Product-Expenditure-on-Health’ (GDPEH) over the period.
Method Incidence rates of new cancers in England & Wales are examined for 1979-80 to 2003-04 to highlight extent of the problem. Set in the context of GDREH for each MDC 1980-2002 as an indicator of how each nation has responded to the challenge of cancer. The changing cancer mortality rates for England & Wales are compared with each MDC by age and sex using WHO All Malignancies mortality rates over the period 1979-81 to 2000-02. Chi square tests are used to compare outcomes between England & Wales with each MDC.
Results 1] Men’s All Age malignancy incidence in England & Wales rose 48% and women’s 51% with notable rises for females aged 15-34 and 55-74years.
2] Every MDC increased GDPEH substantially UK up to 9.3% but remains 8th of ten MDC and still below the MDC average (9.85%).
3] England & Wales men’s average (15-74years) deaths were 3rd highest in 1979-81 but fell to 8th by 2000-02 declining significantly more than 7 other MDC.
England & Wales women’s average (15-74 years) rates were highest in 1979-81 and in 2000-02 but declined significantly more than most MDC in every age band from 35-74 years.
4] Most MDC countries men’s rates declined significantly more than their women’s except Japan and Spain but the improvements in men’s cancer death were not matched in women’s rates especially the 35-54’s. Conclusions: Rising incidence poses problems for every MDC but especially for England & Wales as does the relatively low Anglo-Welsh GDPEH whilst poorer women’s results should be a matter of concern for most MDC. The reductions in cancer deaths reflects well on all front-line services indicating what can be achieved with improved GDDPEH but should not obscure the challenge of the rising incidence of cancer.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3332/eCMS.2008.80
Source: Manual
Preferred by: Tamas Hickish
Changes in cancer incidence and mortality in England and Wales and a comparison of cancer deaths in the major developed countries by age and sex 1979-2002 in context of GDP expenditure on health.
Authors: Pritchard, C. and Hickish, T.
Journal: Ecancermedicalscience
Volume: 2
Pages: 80
eISSN: 1754-6605
ISSN: 1754-6605
DOI: 10.3332/ecms.2008.80
Abstract:Background
The successful treatment of cancer is a major health and political issue for England and Wales and the major developed countries (MDCs). All malignancy deaths by age and sex are analysed to determine how successful the MDCs were in reducing cancer mortality between the end points of 1979-81 and 2000-2, and whether there was any association between each nations 'gross domestic product expenditure on health' (GDPEH) and the reduction in their cancer deaths.Method
Incidence of cancer in England and Wales was examined for 1979-80 to 2003-4 to highlight the extent of the problem. The cancer mortality rates for England and Wales were compared with each MDC by age and sex, using 'WHO all malignancies mortality rates' for the periods of 1979-81 and 2000-2, and tests of significance were made. The GDPEH for each MDC was examined for 1980-2002, and Spearman rank-order correlations calculated to explore any association between declining cancer deaths and the GDPEH of each MDC.Results
Men's All Age malignancy incidence in England and Wales rose 48% and women's 51%, with notable rises for females aged 15-34 and 55-74 years.Every MDC increased its GDPEH substantially; it rose to 9.3% in the United Kingdom, but the United Kingdom still remains eighth of the ten MDCs and below the MDC average (9.85%).The average number of cancer related deaths for men in England and Wales (15-74 years) was third highest in 1979-81, but fell to eighth by 2000-2. This decline was significantly greater than in seven other MDCs. Average female death rates in England and Wales were highest both in 1979-81 and in 2000-2, but declined significantly more than most MDCs in every age band from 35 to 74 years.There was a significant correlation between reduced deaths and the level of GDPEH of each nation.Male death rates declined significantly more than that of female in each MDC, with the exception of Japan and Spain.Conclusions
The rising incidence in cancer-related deaths poses a problem for every MDC, and the poorer women's results should be a matter of concern for most MDCs. The reduction in cancer deaths reflects well on frontline services, and the significant association between reduced cancer mortality and increased GDPEH is encouraging, but still a challenge for governments, especially if the incidence continues to rise.Source: Europe PubMed Central