Lingering delays in a go/no-go task: mind wandering delays thought probes reliably but not reaction times
Authors: Martindale, A.P.L., Deane, E.M., Peral-Fuster, C.I., Elkelani, O., Qi, Z., Ribeiro-Ali, S.I., Herold, R.S., Westling, C.E.I. and Witchel, H.J.
Journal: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series
ISBN: 9798400708756
DOI: 10.1145/3605655.3605678
Abstract:BACKGROUND: In a go/no-go task, lengthening the time between stimuli (e.g. changes to the inter-trial interval (ITI) or to the press percentage (PP)) are known to have decelerating effects on rapid reaction times and possibly on thought probe response time. The cause for these delays may be mind wandering (MW). MW-induced delays theoretically arise from serial mental resources being decoupled, leading to poor stimulus detection and perception. AIMS: To see whether the delaying effects of ITI and PP are mediated by mind wandering (MW), and to explore the mental mechanisms of delay in a simple and a complex task. METHODS: An 18-minute online experiment with 60 participants who each performed 8 versions of a sustained attention task (Test of Variables of Attention, ToVA) with different ITIs and PPs. After each block there were MW thought probes. RESULTS: The slowing effects of long ITIs, low PPs, and MW seem to be synergistic, but the effects of individual factors are inconsistent. On ToVA reaction times (simple task), long ITIs caused delays, low PPs interacted with those delays, and MW seemed to have little consistent effect except when the certainty was maximized in the on-task condition. On thought probe response times (complex task), MW had strong effects, whereas there seemed to be no pattern to the lingering effects of longer ITIs or low PPs. CONCLUSION: The decoupled resources theoretically linked to MW may be parallel and related to task-reorienting, introspection, or decision-making events comprising thought probe responses, rather than to perceptual detection events.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39061/
Source: Scopus
Lingering delays in a go/no-go task: mind wandering delays thought probes reliably but not reaction times
Authors: Martindale, A.P.L., Deane, E.M., Peral-Fuster, C.I., Elkelani, O., Qi, Z., Ribeiro-Ali, S.I., Herold, R.S., Westling, C.E.I. and Witchel, H.J.
Journal: PROCEEDINGS OF THE EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON COGNITIVE ERGONOMICS, ECCE 2023
DOI: 10.1145/3605655.3605678
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39061/
Source: Web of Science (Lite)
Lingering delays in a go/no-go task: mind wandering delays thought probes reliably but not reaction times
Authors: Westling, C., Witchel, H., Herold, R.S., Ribeiro-Ali, S.I., Qi, Z., Elkelani, O., Peral-Fuster, C.I., Deane, E.M. and Martindale, A.P.L.
Conference: ECCE 2023
Dates: 20-22 September 2023
Abstract:BACKGROUND: In a go/no-go task, changes to the inter-trial interval (ITI) or the press percentage (PP) are known to have decelerating effects on both reaction time and on thought probe response time. The mental causes of these delays remain obscure.
AIMS: To see whether the delaying effects of ITI and PP are additive, and to determine whether these timing effects are linked with mental states detectable by subjective ratings.
METHODS: An 18-minute online experiment with 60 participants who each performed 8 versions of the ToVA with different ITIs and PPs. At the end of each block were mind wandering (MW) thought probes and rating scales for subjective effort and awareness.
RESULTS: The decelerating effects of long ITIs, low PPs, and MW seem to be synergistic, but the effects of individual factors on thought probes seem brittle. A version of the ToVA with zero no-go-stimuli spontaneously and implicitly accelerated mean reaction time significantly. That version also quickened three subsequent response times for rating tasks by hundreds of milliseconds, which suggests that the basis of this effect is a lingering mental state (or substrate). None of the subjective ratings measured were strongly related to the reaction time delay, although MW seems to delay the thought probe response.
CONCLUSION: The strategic effect on both the reaction time and the thought probe response time is presumably a change in the speed-accuracy trade-off in which the participant adopts a mental strategy that speeds up thinking by reducing caution, so caution needs to be subjectively measured.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39061/
Source: Manual
Lingering delays in a go/no-go task: mind wandering delays thought probes reliably but not reaction times
Authors: Martindale, A.P.L., Deane, E.M., Peral-Fuster, C.I., Elkelani, O., Qi, Z., Ribeiro-Ali, S.I., Herold, R.S., Westling, C. and Witchel, H.J.
Conference: ECCE 2023
Abstract:BACKGROUND: In a go/no-go task, changes to the inter-trial interval (ITI) or the press percentage (PP) are known to have decelerating effects on both reaction time and on thought probe response time. The mental causes of these delays remain obscure.
AIMS: To see whether the delaying effects of ITI and PP are additive, and to determine whether these timing effects are linked with mental states detectable by subjective ratings.
METHODS: An 18-minute online experiment with 60 participants who each performed 8 versions of the ToVA with different ITIs and PPs. At the end of each block were mind wandering (MW) thought probes and rating scales for subjective effort and awareness.
RESULTS: The decelerating effects of long ITIs, low PPs, and MW seem to be synergistic, but the effects of individual factors on thought probes seem brittle. A version of the ToVA with zero no-go-stimuli spontaneously and implicitly accelerated mean reaction time significantly. That version also quickened three subsequent response times for rating tasks by hundreds of milliseconds, which suggests that the basis of this effect is a lingering mental state (or substrate). None of the subjective ratings measured were strongly related to the reaction time delay, although MW seems to delay the thought probe response.
CONCLUSION: The strategic effect on both the reaction time and the thought probe response time is presumably a change in the speed-accuracy trade-off in which the participant adopts a mental strategy that speeds up thinking by reducing caution, so caution needs to be subjectively measured.
https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/39061/
https://digitaleconomy.wales/ecce2023/
Source: BURO EPrints