Lipid profiling of brain tissue and blood after traumatic brain injury: A review of human and experimental studies.

Authors: Nessel, I. and Michael-Titus, A.T.

Journal: Semin Cell Dev Biol

Volume: 112

Pages: 145-156

eISSN: 1096-3634

DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.08.004

Abstract:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a neurological condition which affects a large number of individuals worldwide, across all ages. It can lead to major physical, cognitive and psychological impairment, and represents a considerable health cost burden. TBI is a heterogeneous condition and there has been intense effort over the last decade to identify better biomarkers, which would enable an optimum and personalized treatment. The brain is highly enriched in a variety of lipids, including fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, sterols and sphingolipids. There is accumulating evidence in clinical studies in TBI patients and also in experimental models of TBI, that injury triggers a complex pattern of changes in various lipid classes. Such changes can be detected in blood (plasma/serum), cerebrospinal fluid and also in brain tissue. They provide new insights into the pathophysiology of TBI, and have biomarker potential. Here, we review the various changes reported and discuss the scope and value of these lipid focused studies within the TBI field.

Source: PubMed