Professor Richard Paul
- 01202 965261
- rpaul at bournemouth dot ac dot uk
- http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5545-3582
- Chair in Bioanalytical Chemistry
- Christchurch House C205, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB
Biography
My research is focused on the application of bioanalytical chemistry to provide solutions to complex issues in forensic and medical fields. I am particularly interested in biomarker discovery and detection as employed in toxicology, pathology, and related disciplines. Projects are inherently interdisciplinary, and have provided scope for diverse collaborations including government agencies, healthcare providers, and the private sector.
Research
Our research in the Analytical Science Research Group is problem-driven, which raises the need to invent new methodology. Our work is currently funded by Skin Cancer Research Fund, Sir Samuel Scott of Yews Trust, The Valentine Charitable Trust, and the U.K. Home Office.
Our technical focus and capabilities include a focus on volatile biomarker detection using headspace techniques, a range of mass spectrometry techniques, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and chemometric techniques for data handling and optimization.
I am currently Chief Investigator on a multidisciplinary research project on cancer metabolomics. In collaboration with University Hospitals Dorset the project aims to show proof of concept in a novel study for the early identification of skin cancer.
Recent projects:
We were commissioned by the U.K. Home Office to investigate ultra potent synthetic opioids, including nitazenes. We delivered a comprehensive assessment using a variety of chemical profiling techniques to reveal new insights into these dangerous drugs.
We were commissioned by the Prison Officers Association to investigate the issue of NPS abuse in UK prisons. NPS are new narcotic or psychotropic drugs (not controlled by the UN drug conventions) many of which pose serious health risks. We designed new analytical approaches to assess the prevalence of NPS abuse in UK prisons and assessed the extent to which prison staff are exposed to secondary drug fumes during their employment.
Working with colleagues in our forensic team we are investigating volatile compounds associated with bank currencies, using headspace analysis... The project, funded by the U.K. Home Office, aims to inform future strategy for currency detection dogs.
Our team has employed wastewater monitoring using high resolution mass spectrometry to understand population level trends in drug consumption. This work, a collaboration between Synlab UK and our research group has focused on new psychoactive substances in surface waters and prison settings.
Consultancy and research opportunities: please contact me to discuss analytical science collaborations, consultancy requirements, or PhD opportunities.
moreJournal Articles
- Ghazal, A., Paul, R., Tarkan, A.S., Kurtul, I., Pegg, J., Andreou, D., Britton, J.R., 2025. Domestication as the driver of lower chronic stress levels in fish in catch-and-release recreational fisheries and aquaculture versus wild conspecifics. Plos One, 20 (6 June).
- Ghazal, A., Paul, R., Tarkan, A.S., Britton, J.R., 2025. Influence of season, capture method, sample age and extraction protocols on the scale cortisol concentrations of three species of freshwater fish. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 362.
- Paul, R., Ilankovan, V., Dray, J., Asamote, B., Cowling, L., Boroujerdi, R., Majumder, S., Dogan, H., 2025. Potential biomarkers of skin cancer diagnosis revealed through volatile metabolomics – A prospective research study. Ejc Skin Cancer, 3.
- Davies, B., Paul, R., Osselton, D., Woolley, T., 2024. Analysis of crude wastewater from two treatment plants in South Wales for 35 new psychoactive substances and cocaine, and cannabis. Scientific Reports, 14 (1).
- Mahanty, S., Majumder, S., Paul, R., Boroujerdi, R., Valsami-Jones, E., Laforsch, C., 2024. A review on nanomaterial-based SERS substrates for sustainable agriculture. Science of the Total Environment, 950.
- Davies, B., Paul, R., Osselton, D., Evers, R., Woolley, T., 2024. Absence of new psychoactive substances in wastewater from South Wales, UK, revealed by optimised liquid chromatography-time-of-flight analysis. Drug Testing and Analysis, 16 (11), 1370-1377.
- Boroujerdi, R., Butt, A., Paul, R., Majumder, S., 2024. Unveiling Morphine: A Rapid and Selective Fluorescence Sensor for Forensic and Medical Analysis. Sensors, 24 (6).
- Davies, B., Paul, R., Osselton, D., Woolley, T., 2024. Stability of new psychoactive substances in crude wastewater. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology.
- Davies, B., Paul, R., Osselton, D., 2023. Wastewater analysis for new psychoactive substances and cocaine and cannabis in a Northern Ireland Prison. Scientific Reports, 13 (1).
- Boroujerdi, R., Paul, R., Abdelkader, A., 2022. Rapid Detection of Amitriptyline in Dried Blood and Dried Saliva Samples with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Sensors, 22 (21).
- Boroujerdi, R., Abdelkader, A., Paul, R., 2022. Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of the Antidepressant Amitriptyline Using a Functionalised Graphene-Based Sensor. Chemnanomat, 8 (10).
- Boroujerdi, R., Paul, R., 2022. Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Psychoactive Drugs. Nanomaterials, 12 (13).
- Boroujerdi, R., Abdelkader, A., Paul, R., 2022. Highly selective detection of ethanol in biological fluids and alcoholic drinks using indium ethylenediamine functionalized graphene. Sensors and Diagnostics, 1 (3), 566-578.
- Boroujerdi, R., Paul, R., 2022. Introducing Graphene–Indium Oxide Electrochemical Sensor for Detecting Ethanol in Aqueous Samples with CCD-RSM Optimization. Chemosensors, 10 (2).
- Paul, R., Smith, S., Gent, L., Sutherill, R., 2021. Air monitoring for synthetic cannabinoids in a UK prison: Application of personal air sampling and fixed sequential sampling with thermal desorption two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Drug Testing and Analysis, 13 (9), 1678-1685.
- Gent, L., Paul, R., 2021. The detection of new psychoactive substances in wastewater. A comprehensive review of analytical approaches and global trends. Science of the Total Environment, 776.
- Gent, L., Paul, R., 2021. Air monitoring for illegal drugs including new psychoactive substances: A review of trends, techniques and thermal degradation products. Drug Testing and Analysis, 13 (6), 1078-1094.
- Lanfear, J.H., Voegel, C.D., Binz, T.M., Paul, R.A., 2020. Hair cortisol measurement in older adults: Influence of demographic and physiological factors and correlation with perceived stress. Steroids, 163.
- Boroujerdi, R., Abdelkader, A., Paul, R., 2020. State of the Art in Alcohol Sensing with 2D Materials. Nano Micro Letters, 12 (1).
- Paul, R., Williams, R., Hodson, V., Peake, C., 2019. Detection of cannabinoids in hair after cosmetic application of hemp oil. Scientific Reports, 9 (1).
- Paul, R., Tsanaclis, L., Murray, C., Boroujerdi, R., Facer, L., Corbin, A., 2019. Ethyl glucuronide as a long-term alcohol biomarker in fingernail and hair. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 54 (4).
- Paul, R., Tsanaclis, L., Murray, C., Boroujerdi, R., Facer, L., Corbin, A., 2019. Ethyl Glucuronide as a Long-term Alcohol Biomarker in Fingernail and Hair. Matrix Comparison and Evaluation of Gender Bias. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 54 (4), 402-407.
- Paul, R., 2019. Alcohol markers in hair: an issue of interpretation. Forensic Science Medicine and Pathology, 15 (2), 281-283.
- Szafnauer, R., McGregor, L., Paul, R., Edwards, M., Smith, S., 2019. Structural elucidation of new psychoactive substances in herbal incense using GC×GC-TOF MS with tandem electron ionization. Forensic Chemistry.
- Paul, R., Tsanaclis, L., 2018. Data on ethyl glucuronide and cocaethylene concentrations in the hair of cocaine users. Data in Brief, 20, 2036-2039.
- Dumitrascu, C., Paul, R., Kingston, R., Williams, R., 2018. Influence of alcohol containing and alcohol free cosmetics on FAEE concentrations in hair. A performance evaluation of ethyl palmitate as sole marker, versus the sum of four FAEEs. Forensic Science International, 283, 29-34.
- Bossers, L.C.A.M., Paul, R., 2014. Application of Bayesian Theory to the reporting of results in alcohol hair testing. Forensic Science International., 242, 56-58.
- Bossers, L., Paul, R., Berry, A.J., Kingston, R., Middendorp, C., Guwy, A.J., 2014. An evaluation of decontamination and extraction techniques in the analysis of ethyl glucuronide and fatty acid ethyl esters from hair samples. Journal of Chromatography B, 953-954, 115-119.
- Paul, R., Kingston, R., Tsanaclis, L., Berry, A.J., Guwy, A.J., 2011. Simultaneous determination of EtG and GHB in hair by GCMS/MS. Drug Testing and Analysis, 3, 201-205.
- Paul, R., 2008. Hair of the dog: alcohol hair analysis. Advances Journal, 56 (12).
- Paul, R., Kingston, R., Tsanaclis, L., Berry, A.J., Guwy, A.J., 2008. Do drug users use less alcohol than non-drug users? Forensic Science International, 176, 82-86.
- Paul, R., Tsanaclis, L., Kingston, R., Berry, A.J., Guwy, A.J., 2006. GC-MS-MS Determination of Gamma Hydroxybutyrate in blood and urine. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 6, 375-379.
Reports
- Paul, R., Boroujerdi, R., Upson, S., Majumder, S., Rennie, S., 2025. Chemical profiling of ultra potent synthetic opioids.. Home Office.
- Sikalas, M., Rennie, S., Paul, R., 2024. Current and future strategies for Currency Detection Dogs and their implications to international policy. Home Office (UK).
- Paul, R., Gent, L., 2020. Analysis of indoor prison air for the presence of psychoactive substances using active sampling and Thermal Desorption GCxGC-TOF MS.. POA & HMPPS.
Internet Publications
- Paul, R., 2018. The secret information hidden in your hair. The Conversation. Available from: https://theconversation.com/the-secret-information-hidden-in-your-hair-98121 [Accessed 14/06/2018].
PhD Students
- Bethan Davies. Determination of NPS in surface water across South Wales
- Ramin Boroujerdi. Printable graphene sensors for drug and alcohol detection
Profile of Teaching UG
- Case studies in forensic science - unit leader
- Forensic science - unit contributor
- Advanced Forensic Science - unit contributor
- Forensic Toxicology - unit leader
Invited Lectures
Grants
- Design and Characterization of Functional Simulants of Novel Synthetic Opioids (Home Office, 02 Jan 2026). Awarded
- Translating science into practice: enhancing training strategies for currency detection dogs (Home Office, 14 Apr 2025). Awarded
- Headspace profiling of synthetic opioids (Home Office, 13 Oct 2024). Awarded
- Advances in skin cancer diagnostics (Skin Cancer Research Fund, 20 Jun 2024). Awarded
- Volatile organic compounds as diagnostic biomarkers of skin cancer (Charitable foundation, 17 Apr 2024). Awarded
- Evaluation of a portable device for skin cancer detection (HEIF6, 12 Apr 2024). Awarded
- Rapid On-Site Detection Of Skin Cancer In Primary Care (The Valentine Charitable Trust, 06 Feb 2024). Awarded
- Rapid On-Site Detection Of Skin Cancer In Primary Care (Sir Samuel Scott of Yews Trust, 30 Jan 2024). Awarded
- Current and future strategies for Currency Detection Dogs and implications for international policy (Border Force, Home Office, 31 Mar 2023). Awarded
- Stability of drugs of abuse on commercially available test kits (DSTL, 04 Jan 2022). Awarded
- Follow on funding. Cancer Sensing: Metabolomics and data driven predictive modelling for non-invasive early detection of skin cancer (HEIF6, 12 Apr 2021). Awarded
- Cancer Sensing: Metabolomics and data driven predictive modelling for non-invasive early detection of skin cancer (AboutFace, 02 Jan 2020). Awarded
- Novel Psychoactive Substances in Prison: An Assessment of Prevalence and Prison Staff Exposure Risk. (Prison Officers Association, 02 Oct 2019). Awarded
- Printable graphene sensing systems for drug and alcohol detection (SureScreen Diagnostics LtD, 01 Sep 2018). Awarded
- Detection of Ethyl Glucuronide in fingernail samples: Application to abstinence monitoring. (Royal Society of Chemistry Research Grant, 07 Dec 2017). Awarded
- Determination of NPS in surface water across South Wales (SYNLAB, 15 Nov 2017). Awarded
- Influence of BMI on EtG and FAEE levels in head hair. (Bournemouth University, 22 Feb 2017). Awarded
- TD-GC-TOF: A new approach for the analysis of drugs of abuse in hair (Business-led research collaboration investment, USW, 08 Jan 2016). Awarded
- Evaluation of new extraction techniques to enhance laboratory performance (Strategic Insight Programme, Higher Education Funding Council for Wales, 10 Apr 2013). Awarded
- Alcohol markers in hair: New detection techniques and evidence interpretation (University of Glamorgan, 10 Jan 2010). Awarded
- New developments in analytical toxicology for the investigation of drug facilitated assault (TrichoTech Ltd, 05 Sep 2004). Awarded
External Responsibilities
- Scientific Reports, Editor
- HMPPS Psychoactive Substances Expert and Working Group, Member
- National QAA Subject Benchmark for Forensic Science 2021. Critical evaluation group., Member
- Kings College London, External Examiner - MSc Analytical Toxicology
Internal Responsibilities
- Analytical Science Research Group., (Lead). http://www.bournemouth.ac.uk/asrg
- Faculty Lead, Christchurch House redevelopment project
- Member. Responsible for Premises, Facilities and Equipment., Human Tissue Authority working group
- Programme Leader., BSc Forensic Science
- Accreditation lead., Chartered Society of Forensic Science
Consultancy Activities
- Oil company training programme consultant, Consultancy. Sirte Oil Company
- Chemical analysis, Consultancy. Clariant
- Forensic science workshops, Consultancy. Welsh Government
Qualifications
- PhD in Analytical Toxicology (University of Glamorgan, 2007)
Memberships
- Royal Society of Chemistry, Fellow,
- Royal Society of Chemistry (C.Chem), Chartered Chemist, Fellow,
- Society of Hair Testing, Member,
- Higher Education Academy (FHEA), Fellow, Fellow,
- LTG (London Toxicology Group), Member,
- Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences, Member,